Dementia is a frightening disease that affects not only the individuals who suffer from it but also their loved ones. Being aware of the signs of dementia can help everyone feel more prepared to face the uncertainty and emotional challenges that come with it.
In his book How to Prevent Dementia, Dr. Richard Restak sheds light on the four major early warning signs of the disease, which he refers to as the “Four A’s.” These signs can manifest in everyday tasks, even something as simple as brushing your teeth.
1. Memory Loss – A Cause for Concern
As we age, it’s common to become forgetful. However, if you find yourself frequently forgetting things like your address, your name, or the names of your family members, it may be a cause for alarm. According to Dr. Restak, memory loss becomes concerning when it happens frequently and with things that should be second nature. While forgetfulness is a common aspect of aging, it may also indicate the possibility of dementia.
2. Communication and Comprehension Challenges
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Aphasia is a condition that affects communication and comprehension. It can manifest as difficulty finding the right words or misunderstanding their usage. Although this may not be a definitive sign of dementia, including it among the early warnings is essential because every case is unique. Different individuals may exhibit different symptoms, so it’s crucial to consider all possibilities. Understanding these signs can have a profoundly positive impact on learning how to address and cope with the disease.
3. Impairments in Sensory Recognition and Functioning
Agnosia is a condition that affects the senses and impairs one’s ability to recognize familiar people or places. This can manifest through sight, sound, smell, touch, or taste. For example, a person with agnosia may no longer recognize loved ones, their home, or familiar locations. Another significant sign of dementia is apraxia, which impacts muscle strength and function. People with apraxia may struggle to carry out daily tasks like brushing their teeth or may forget the order in which to perform them. This loss of coordination can extend to tasks such as bathing or dressing oneself in later stages of the disease.
4. Dementia and Alzheimer’s: Understanding the Differences
Dr. Restak’s book focuses on preventing dementia, but it frequently references Alzheimer’s because the two conditions are closely related. Dementia is a general term for the group of symptoms that affect brain function due to aging, pathology, or trauma. While Alzheimer’s often leads to dementia, it is more common among elderly individuals and seniors. It’s important to differentiate between the two, as they have distinct characteristics and progression patterns.
Seeking Professional Guidance
If you or someone you know is exhibiting signs of dementia, it is crucial to consult with a medical professional as soon as possible. They can provide a more accurate diagnosis through testing and help determine the underlying cause. However, having a conversation about dementia can be emotionally challenging and uncomfortable. To make the discussion go more smoothly, create a calm and distraction-free environment. Present information factually and compassionately, using concise sentences. Allow the person to speak and express their thoughts as well. Seeking support from professionals like religious leaders, primary care providers, or licensed therapists can provide emotional support and valuable resources for navigating the challenges ahead. Understanding the signs of dementia is the first step in adapting to the disease and finding ways to overcome its challenges.
